Implicit retrieval practice

Retrieval practice which occurs implicitly in the course of other, possibly more authentic activities. Unclear whether and in what scenarios this has the same effect as explicit retrieval practice.

• Tekin, E., & Roediger, H. L. (2021). The effect of delayed judgments of learning on retention. Metacognition and Learning. find that Judgment of learning produces a smaller effect on memory than explicit retrieval practice. This could be evidence either that Judgment of learning doesn’t involve covert retrieval, or that covert retrieval has a smaller effect than overt retrieval.
• Does concept mapping involve implicit retrieval practice?