John Anderson

Herb Simon

DARPA Digital Tutor

AutoTutor

Cognitive Tutor

Cognitive apprenticeship

Anderson, J. R., Boyle, C. F., & Reiser, B. J. (1985). Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Science, 228(4698), 456–462

Synthesis Tutor

Idea-centric memory system

Anderson, J. R., Reder, L. M., & Simon, H. A. (1995). Applications and Misapplications of Cognitive Psychology to Mathematics Education

Programmed instruction

Huang, G., Qian, X., Wang, T., Patel, F., Sreeram, M., Cao, Y., Ramani, K., & Quinn, A. J. (2021). AdapTutAR: An Adaptive Tutoring System for Machine Tasks in Augmented Reality. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1–15). Association for Computing Machinery

Huang, Y., Aleven, V., McLaughlin, E., & Koedinger, K. (2020). A General Multi-method Approach to Design-Loop Adaptivity in Intelligent Tutoring Systems. In I. I. Bittencourt, M. Cukurova, K. Muldner, R. Luckin, & E. Millán (Eds.), Artificial Intelligence in Education (Vol. 12164, pp. 124–129). Springer International Publishing

Pardos, Z. A., Tang, M., Anastasopoulos, I., Sheel, S. K., & Zhang, E. (2023). OATutor: An Open-source Adaptive Tutoring System and Curated Content Library for Learning Sciences Research. Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–17

# Intelligent tutoring system

*   Origin: [[zJVYdtDqVvFbBDaF1fbW5ZT:::Anderson, J. R., Boyle, C. F., & Reiser, B. J. (1985). Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Science, 228(4698), 456–462]]
*   Exemplary systems:
    *   [[zQVrSw6FWAKUCee81YaaZjY:::Cognitive Tutor]] systems (LISP Tutor, Geometry Tutor, MathIA, etc)—[[zFNsXgqNKRmNCM1J9FBeGFP:::John Anderson]]’s branch of the tree
    *   [[z3iR6PS6S8PMjJ9i2Xj9on5:::AutoTutor]] and descendants
    *   [[zWAqJu2TEbirNZznpyn8ijJ:::DARPA Digital Tutor]]
*   Live-usable examples:
    *   CTAT ([[zQVrSw6FWAKUCee81YaaZjY:::Cognitive Tutor]] authoring tool):
    *   [ORCCA](https://orcca.ctat.cs.cmu.edu), tutors for chemistry
    *   Fraction example included with [CTAT](https://github.com/CMUCTAT/CTAT/tree/master)
    *   OSS implementation of a simplistic ITS: [[z6baPVwxrEvANeZytRiLTXE:::Pardos, Z. A., Tang, M., Anastasopoulos, I., Sheel, S. K., & Zhang, E. (2023). OATutor: An Open-source Adaptive Tutoring System and Curated Content Library for Learning Sciences Research. Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–17]]








Intelligent tutoring system